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标题: Oracle数据库中常用的SQL查询方法 [打印本页]

作者: monicaken 时间: 2009-1-18 17:15
标题: Oracle数据库中常用的SQL查询方法
　　select t.tablespace_name, round(sum(bytes/(1024*1024)),0) ts_size 　　from dba_tablespaces t, dba_data_files d 　　where t.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name 　　group by t.tablespace_name; 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]2、查看表空间物理文件的名称及大小[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name, 　　round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space 　　from dba_data_files 　　order by tablespace_name; 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]3、查看回滚段名称及大小[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select segment_name, tablespace_name, r.status, 　　(initial_extent/1024) InitialExtent,(next_extent/1024) NextExtent, 　　max_extents, v.curext CurExtent 　　From dba_rollback_segs r, v$rollstat v 　　Where r.segment_id = v.usn( ) 　　order by segment_name ; 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]4、查看控制文件[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select name from v$controlfile; 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]5、查看日志文件[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select member from v$logfile; 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]6、查看表空间的使用情况[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select sum(bytes)/(1024*1024) as free_space,tablespace_name 　　from dba_free_space 　　group by tablespace_name; 　　　　SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE, 　　(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE" 　　FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C 　　WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME; 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]7、查看数据库库对象[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select owner, object_type, status, count(*) count# from all_objects group by owner, object_type, status; 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]8、查看数据库的版本[/color:5cc31c680c]　　　Select version FROM Product_component_version 　　Where SUBSTR(PRODUCT,1,6)='Oracle'; 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]9、查看数据库的创建日期和归档方式[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　Select Created, Log_Mode, Log_Mode From V$Database; 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]10、捕捉运行很久的SQL[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　column username format a12 　　column opname format a16 　　column progress format a8 　　　　select username,sid,opname, 　　round(sofar*100 / totalwork,0) || '%' as progress, 　　time_remaining,sql_text 　　from v$session_longops , v$sql 　　where time_remaining <> 0 　　and sql_address = address 　　and sql_hash_value = hash_value 　　/ 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]11。查看数据表的参数信息[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　SELECT partition_name, high_value, high_value_length, tablespace_name, 　　pct_free, pct_used, ini_trans, max_trans, initial_extent, 　　next_extent, min_extent, max_extent, pct_increase, FREELISTS, 　　freelist_groups, LOGGING, BUFFER_POOL, num_rows, blocks, 　　empty_blocks, avg_space, chain_cnt, avg_row_len, sample_size, 　　last_analyzed 　　FROM dba_tab_partitions 　　--WHERE table_name = :tname AND table_owner = :towner 　　ORDER BY partition_position 　　　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]12.查看还没提交的事务[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select * from v$locked_object; 　　select * from v$transaction; 　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]13。查找object为哪些进程所用[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select 　　p.spid, 　　s.sid, 　　s.serial# serial_num, 　　s.username user_name, 　　a.type object_type, 　　s.osuser os_user_name, 　　a.owner, 　　a.object object_name, 　　decode(sign(48 - command), 　　1, 　　to_char(command), 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action, 　　p.program oracle_process, 　　s.terminal terminal, 　　s.program program, 　　s.status session_status 　　from v$session s, v$access a, v$process p 　　where s.paddr = p.addr and 　　s.type = 'USER' and 　　a.sid = s.sid and 　　a.object='SUBSCRIBER_ATTR' 　　order by s.username, s.osuser 　　　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]14。回滚段查看[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select rownum, sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name Name, v$rollstat.extents 　　Extents, v$rollstat.rssize Size_in_Bytes, v$rollstat.xacts XActs, 　　v$rollstat.gets Gets, v$rollstat.waits Waits, v$rollstat.writes Writes, 　　sys.dba_rollback_segs.status status from v$rollstat, sys.dba_rollback_segs, 　　v$rollname where v$rollname.name( ) = sys.dba_rollback_segs.segment_name and 　　v$rollstat.usn ( ) = v$rollname.usn order by rownum 　　　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]15。耗资源的进程（top session）[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select s.schemaname schema_name, decode(sign(48 - command), 1, 　　to_char(command), 'Action Code #' || to_char(command) ) action, status 　　session_status, s.osuser os_user_name, s.sid, p.spid , s.serial# serial_num, 　　nvl(s.username, '[Oracle process]') user_name, s.terminal terminal, 　　s.program program, st.value criteria_value from v$sesstat st, v$session s , v$process p 　　where st.sid = s.sid and st.statistic# = to_number('38') and ('ALL' = 'ALL' 　　or s.status = 'ALL') and p.addr = s.paddr order by st.value desc, p.spid asc, s.username asc, s.osuser asc 　　　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]16。查看锁（lock）情况[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select /* RULE */ ls.osuser os_user_name, ls.username user_name, 　　decode(ls.type, 'RW', 'Row wait enqueue lock', 'TM', 'DML enqueue lock', 'TX', 　　'Transaction enqueue lock', 'UL', 'User supplied lock') lock_type, 　　o.object_name object, decode(ls.lmode, 1, null, 2, 'Row Share', 3, 　　'Row Exclusive', 4, 'Share', 5, 'Share Row Exclusive', 6, 'Exclusive', null) 　　lock_mode, o.owner, ls.sid, ls.serial# serial_num, ls.id1, ls.id2 　　from sys.dba_objects o, ( select s.osuser, s.username, l.type, 　　l.lmode, s.sid, s.serial#, l.id1, l.id2 from v$session s, 　　v$lock l where s.sid = l.sid ) ls where o.object_id = ls.id1 and o.owner 　　<> 'SYS' order by o.owner, o.object_name 　　　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]17。查看等待（wait）情况[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　SELECT v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count count, SUM(v$sysstat.value) sum_value 　　FROM v$waitstat, v$sysstat WHERE v$sysstat.name IN ('db block gets', 　　'consistent gets') group by v$waitstat.class, v$waitstat.count 　　　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]18。查看sga情况[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　SELECT NAME, BYTES FROM SYS.V_$SGASTAT ORDER BY NAME ASC 　　　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]19。查看catched object[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　SELECT owner, name, db_link, namespace, 　　type, sharable_mem, loads, executions, 　　locks, pins, kept FROM v$db_object_cache 　　　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]20。查看V$SQLAREA[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　SELECT SQL_TEXT, SHARABLE_MEM, PERSISTENT_MEM, RUNTIME_MEM, SORTS, 　　VERSION_COUNT, LOADED_VERSIONS, OPEN_VERSIONS, USERS_OPENING, EXECUTIONS, 　　USERS_EXECUTING, LOADS, FIRST_LOAD_TIME, INVALIDATIONS, PARSE_CALLS, DISK_READS, 　　BUFFER_GETS, ROWS_PROCESSED FROM V$SQLAREA 　　　　2[color=red:5cc31c680c]1。查看object分类数量[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3 , 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 , 　　'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' ) object_type , count(*) quantity from 　　sys.obj$ o where o.type# > 1 group by decode (o.type#,1,'INDEX' , 2,'TABLE' , 3 　　, 'CLUSTER' , 4, 'VIEW' , 5 , 'SYNONYM' , 6 , 'SEQUENCE' , 'OTHER' ) union select 　　'COLUMN' , count(*) from sys.col$ union select 'DB LINK' , count(*) from 　　　　[color=red:5cc31c680c]22。按用户查看object种类[/color:5cc31c680c] 　　select u.name schema, sum(decode(o.type#, 1, 1, NULL)) indexes, 　　sum(decode(o.type#, 2, 1, NULL)) tables, sum(decode(o.type#, 3, 1, NULL)) 　　clusters, sum(decode(o.type#, 4, 1, NULL)) views, sum(decode(o.type#, 5, 1, 　　NULL)) synonyms, sum(decode(o.type#, 6, 1, NULL)) sequences, 　　sum(decode(o.type <

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