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标题: SQL [打印本页]

作者: 影子    时间: 2009-1-7 11:16
标题: SQL
相信大家都知道怎样使用数据操作语言(DML)对SQL Server表的数据进行插入、删除和更新等处理。有时候,我们需要用INSERT语句进行插入的数据实在是多得让人头疼,有很多传统但繁琐的方法可以用来插入大批量数据,不过SQL Server 2008提供了一种能够简化数据插入过程的新方法。本文将为大家简单介绍这些用来插入数据的方法之间的差异,其中包括SQL Server 2008提供的新方法——行值构造器(Row Value Constructor)。   我们向表插入数据的传统方法有三个,介绍如下:   方法一   假设我们有一个名为MyTestDB的数据库,其中有一个名为MyTest1的表,数据库和表的创建过程如下: USE [master]   GO   IF EXISTS (SELECT name FROM sys.databases   WHERE name = N'MyTestDB')   DROP DATABASE [MyTestDB]   GO   Create database MyTestDB   Go   Use [MyTestDB]   Go   IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects   WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[MyTest1]')   AND type in (N'U'))   DROP TABLE [dbo].[MyTest1]   GO   USE [MyTestDB]   GO   SET ANSI_NULLS ON   GO   SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON   GO   SET ANSI_PADDING ON   GO   CREATE TABLE [dbo].[MyTest1](   [Id] [int] NULL,   [Fname] [varchar](100) NULL,   [Lname] [varchar](100) NULL,   [salary] [money] NULL   ) ON [PRIMARY]   GO   SET ANSI_PADDING OFF   GO [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] < 现在我们用传统的ANSI插入语句向上表添加5行数据,这里需要用到带VALUE从句的INSERT SQL语句来插入数据,脚本如下:   insert into MyTest1 (id ,fname ,lname , salary) values (1 , 'John' , 'Smith' , 150000.00)   insert into MyTest1 (id ,fname ,lname , salary) values (2 , 'Hillary' , 'Swank' , 250000.00)   insert into MyTest1 (id ,fname ,lname , salary) values (3 , 'Elisa' , 'Smith' , 120000.00)   insert into MyTest1 (id ,fname ,lname , salary) values (4 , 'Liz' , 'Carleno' , 151000.00)   insert into MyTest1 (id ,fname ,lname , salary) values (5 , 'Tony' , 'Mcnamara' , 150300.00)   执行结果如下:   (1 row(s) affected)   (1 row(s) affected)   (1 row(s) affected)   (1 row(s) affected)   (1 row(s) affected)   方法二   假设我们在上述的MyTestDB数据库中有表MyTest2,如下: USE [MyTestDB]   GO   SET ANSI_NULLS ON   GO   SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON   GO   SET ANSI_PADDING ON   GO   IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[MyTest2]') AND type in (N'U'))   DROP TABLE [dbo].[MyTest2]   GO   CREATE TABLE [dbo].[MyTest2](   [Id] [int] NULL,   [Fname] [varchar](100) NULL,   [Lname] [varchar](100) NULL,   [salary] [money] NULL   ) ON [PRIMARY]   GO   SET ANSI_PADDING OFF   GO [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] < 下面我们再用另外一种传统的插入方法同样添加5行数据,也就是使用带SELECT从句的INSERT SQL语句,脚本如下:   insert into MyTest2 select 1 , 'John' , 'Smith' , 150000.00   insert into MyTest2 select 2 , 'Hillary' , 'Swank' , 250000.00   insert into MyTest2 select 3 , 'Elisa' , 'Smith' , 120000.00   insert into MyTest2 select 4 , 'Liz' , 'Carleno' , 151000.00   insert into MyTest2 select 5 , 'Tony' , 'Mcnamara' , 150300.00   执行结果如下:   (1 row(s) affected)   (1 row(s) affected)   (1 row(s) affected)   (1 row(s) affected)   (1 row(s) affected)   方法三   同样的,我们再假设上述的MyTestDB数据库中有表MyTest3,如下:  USE [MyTestDB]   GO   IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[MyTest3]') AND type in (N'U'))   DROP TABLE [dbo].[MyTest3]   GO   USE [MyTestDB]   GO   SET ANSI_NULLS ON   GO   SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON   GO   SET ANSI_PADDING ON   GO   CREATE TABLE [dbo].[MyTest3](   [Id] [int] NULL,   [Fname] [varchar](100) NULL,   [Lname] [varchar](100) NULL,   [salary] [money] NULL   ) ON [PRIMARY]   GO   SET ANSI_PADDING OFF   GO [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] < 下面我们用第三种传统的插入方法同样添加5行数据,这里使用的是带SELECT从句和UNION从句的INSERT SQL语句,脚本如下:   insert into MyTest3   select 1 , 'John' , 'Smith' , 150000.00   union select 2 , 'Hillary' , 'Swank' , 250000.00   union select 3 , 'Elisa' , 'Smith' , 120000.00   union select 4 , 'Liz' , 'Carleno' , 151000.00   union select 5 , 'Tony' , 'Mcnamara' , 150300.00   执行结果如下:   (5 row(s) affected)   方法四   最后一种方法,需要插入数据的对象是MyTestDB数据库中的表MyTest4,如下: USE [MyTestDB]   GO   IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[MyTest4]') AND type in (N'U'))   DROP TABLE [dbo].[MyTest4]   GO   USE [MyTestDB]   GO   SET ANSI_NULLS ON   GO   SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON   GO   SET ANSI_PADDING ON   GO   CREATE TABLE [dbo].[MyTest4](   [Id] [int] NULL,   [Fname] [varchar](100) NULL,   [Lname] [varchar](100) NULL,   [salary] [money] NULL   ) ON [PRIMARY]   GO   SET ANSI_PADDING OFF   GO [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] < 现在我们要用到SQL Server 2008中提供的新方法——行值构造器的插入SQL语句为上述表插入5行数据,这种方法可以在一个INSERT语句中一次性插入多行数据,脚本如下:   insert into MyTest4 (id ,fname ,lname , salary) values   (1 , 'John' , 'Smith' , 150000.00),   (2 , 'Hillary' , 'Swank' , 250000.00),   (3 , 'Elisa' , 'Smith' , 120000.00),   (4 , 'Liz' , 'Carleno' , 151000.00),   (5 , 'Tony' , 'Mcnamara' , 150300.00)   执行结果如下:   (5 row(s) affected) [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] <




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